Azekah in the Bible:

Joshua 10:10-11, Joshua pursued the Canaanite kings “all the way to Azekah” when they attacked Gibeon. A hailstorm helped destroy these Canaanite/Amorite kings;
Joshua 15:35, Azekah is allotted to Judah;
1 Samuel 17:1, David killed Goliath in the Elah Valley with the Philistines army “between Socoh and Azekiah”;
2 Chronicles 11:9, Rehoboam fortified Azekah;
Jeremiah 34:7, Azekah along with Lachish and Jerusalem, was one of the last three cities to fall to Nebuchadnezzer in 586 BC.

Azekah guarded the west edge of the Elah Valley. It sets in the Shephelah  on a high hill overlooking the Elah Valley guarding the Israelite/Philistine border. Gath is 5.2 miles west of Azekah and Hebron is 16 miles to the southeast.

English archaeologists Frederick Bliss and R.A. Stewart Macalister excavated Azekah in 1898-1900 and uncovered the water system, Bar Kokhba revolt hideouts and the famous lamelech seal impressions on the handles of jars. “Lamelech” (LMLK) refers to the ancient Hebrew word lmlk which means “belonging to the king.” (See page 155)

Recent excavation 1 mile east of Azekah at Khirbet Qeiyafa has uncovered a city wall, a typical four-chamber gate and an ostracon (a piece of broken pottery with an inscription) from the Iron Age including 1000-900 BC.